Low-iron glass contains far less iron oxide than ordinary float glass, and that missing iron is what removes the faint green tint standard glass carries. It is sold as extra clear glass. Straight through a panel the difference is subtle; on an exposed edge, and against white tile or pale stone, it is obvious.
The edge is where the tint lives. Look down the polished edge of a standard piece of glass and the green stacks up, because the eye is travelling the full length of the sheet instead of through its thickness. On a frameless shower door that edge is exposed at eye level along the whole vertical, and on a glass shelf or a tabletop it is the first thing a hand meets. Extra clear glass reads pale and almost water clear there. The effect scales with thickness, so it shows more on a half inch panel than on a quarter inch one.
A bathroom finished in white marble, warm white subway tile or a soft grey porcelain is the case where people notice without being told. Standard glass lays a very slight green film over those surfaces, cooling a warm white and muddying a pale grey. The extra clear version takes the film away, and the tile behind the glass matches the tile beside it. In a bath finished in dark slate, deep green or charcoal, the same comparison is close to invisible, which is the honest answer for anyone deciding whether the upgrade is worth doing.
Hold a sample against the actual tile before deciding. Both glasses are stocked, both cut and edge the same way in the shop, and a side by side comparison on the wall settles the question in about ten seconds.
This glass matters wherever people look at glass rather than through it. Tabletops sit directly on wood or stone, so the tint falls on the thing being displayed. Back-painted panels in white and pale colors are built on it, since green would shift the paint. Glass railings on a deck or a stair run put a large area of face and edge right in the sightline. Mirrors can be made on it too, and the reflection shifts skin tone less than a standard mirror does.
No. Strength comes from tempering, not from iron content, and both types are tempered the same way for shower and railing work. This is purely a clarity choice. A tempered extra clear panel and a tempered standard panel of the same thickness behave identically in service and break the same way if they are ever broken.
Side by side, easily. Alone in a room, most people cannot. The tell is the exposed edge and the way white surfaces behind the glass read. If two showers in the same house use different glass, the difference becomes obvious the moment somebody walks between them, which is a good reason to keep it consistent.
Standard and extra clear look identical in a photograph and different on a wall. Both are stocked at the Lodi showroom, and holding them against your tile sample is the fastest way to know whether the upgrade is worth it in your bathroom.