One is a part of the other. A shower door is the single panel you open and close. A shower enclosure is the whole assembly holding the water back: fixed panels, the door, clips or a header, seals and hardware. Every enclosure contains a door, but plenty of showers need only the door replaced.
Stand in front of a tiled shower and count the glass. If one panel swings or slides and the rest of the opening is tile, you have a door. If glass also stands still along a side, wraps a corner or spans above a knee wall, you have an enclosure, and the door is simply the part with hinges or rollers on it. That distinction runs through the whole job, because the stationary panels, the wall channels, the header and the clips are fabricated and quoted separately from the moving panel.
The vocabulary matters when you are collecting quotes. Ask three shops to price a shower door and you can get three different scopes back, because one is quoting the moving panel alone while another is quoting panel, stationary glass, header and hardware together. Describe the opening rather than naming a product and the numbers start comparing honestly.
Swapping a door alone means the existing stationary glass and its anchors have to be sound, square and strong enough to carry new hardware. Replacing an enclosure means the opening gets measured from scratch, and the glass gets cut and edged at our Lodi shop to those numbers rather than pulled from a catalog size. When the tile is staying and only the glass is tired, say that up front. It changes what gets measured and how long the crew needs in the bathroom.
Hardware placement is the other reason the two are not interchangeable. Frameless hinges pull hard against the wall every time the door closes, so they want a stud or proper blocking waiting behind the tile. A stationary panel that has carried a light framed door for twenty years may have nothing behind it worth anchoring new hardware into, and that gets found during the measure rather than on install day.
A tub with one sliding panel and a worn track is usually a door job. A shower with a long stationary panel plus a swinging return is an enclosure. Steam showers are always enclosures, since sealing the top of the opening with a transom, and adding a ceiling panel where the ceiling is high, is part of how they hold heat. A free measure in the home settles it in about the time it takes to look at the opening.
Often yes, provided the stationary glass is intact, plumb and anchored into solid backing behind the tile. The new door has to match the existing panel thickness, and the hinge or roller pattern has to work with what is already on the wall. A measure confirms it. When the fixed panel is chipped at an edge or the wall has shifted, replacing the pair is the sounder repair.
No. Most stop short and leave an intentional gap for airflow, which helps the bathroom dry between showers. Steam showers are the exception. They have to be sealed across the top, normally with a transom above the door, and a ceiling panel gets added when the ceiling is high enough to leave dead space above the head.
The Lodi showroom has full enclosure displays you can open, close and step into, plus a glass and finish selection wall beside them. Walk in Monday through Friday, nine to five, or Saturday nine to four, and bring the dimensions of your opening.